Nongenomic regulation of gene expression
Por:
Iglesias-Platas I and Monk D
Publicada:
1 ago 2016
Categoría:
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Resumen:
Purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to highlight the recent
advances in epigenetic regulation and chromatin biology for a better
understanding of gene regulation related to human disease.Recent
findingsAlterations to chromatin influence genomic function, including
gene transcription. At its most simple level, this involves DNA
methylation and posttranscriptional histone modifications. However,
recent developments in biochemical and molecular techniques have
revealed that transcriptional regulation is far more complex, involving
combinations of histone modifications and discriminating transcription
factor binding, and long-range chromatin loops with enhancers, to
generate a multifaceted code. Here, we describe the most recent
advances, culminating in the example of genomic imprinting, the
parent-of-origin monoallelic expression that utilizes the majority of
these mechanisms to attain one active and one repressed allele.SummaryIt
is becoming increasingly evident that epigenetic mechanisms work in
unison to maintain tight control of gene expression and genome function.
With the wealth of knowledge gained from recent molecular studies,
future goals should focus on the application of this information in
deciphering their role in developmental diseases.
Open Access
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